Microsoft will release a new driver to fix this problem later, but before that, we can fix it by a simple method. Please refer to the method below to install the wireless adapter manually.
Step 1 Start the computer with the wireless adapter unplugged;
Step 2 Double click on My Computer and go to the folder below:
C:\Windows\System32\Drivers\
Then find and delete a sys file named Athru6.sys

Step 3 Insert the driver CD (came with the product) into the CD-ROM of your computer, then plug the TL-WN322G\TL-WN422G back into the computer;
Step 4 Right click on "My Computer" and select "Manage";

Step 5 Select Device Manager in the left side and then right click on Network adapters---Atheros AR5007UG Wireless Network Adapter, select Uninstall and delete the driver files for this device.

Step 6
[1] Click the Scan button (refer to the image under [2]) to detect the hardware again;
Please ignore the "Found New Hardware" window and DO NOT select any option on it.

[2] The wireless adapter will be detected as the other device with the name USB2.0 WLAN, please right click on it and then select Update Driver Software;

Step 7 Select Browse my computer for driver software
Please DO NOT select "Search automatically for updated driver software" as Vista may download the fault driver again.

Step 8 Click on Browse button and then locate the wireless adapter´s driver folder in the CD\DVD-ROM. Please select the appropriate driver folder for your operating system. The letter H stands for the drive label of the CD\DVD-ROM, it may be different on your own computer. The X86 stands for 32bit system and the x64 stands for 64bit system.

Click the OK button to continue the installation process;
Step 9 Click Install this driver software anyway during the installation process;
Step 10 After a while, the wireless adapter will be installed successfully.

Now you can use this wireless adapter to connect to your wireless network, more helpful information can be found at:
How to connect to wireless network by using built-in Utility/Client on Vista?
Related articles:
How do I install/update driver of TP-LINK wireless adapter manually in Vista?
